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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex Genetica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Genetica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-1639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-1647</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГЮА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/lexgen-2025-4-4-28-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexgen-87</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Lex Genetica: публично-правовое измерение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Lex Genetica: Public -Law Dimension</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДНК как объект правового регулирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DNA as an Object of Legal Regulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0546-2557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романовский</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanovsky</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Георгий Б. Романовский, доктор юридических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник НИИ фундаментальных и прикладных исследований; профессор кафедры уголовного права и процесса; главный научный сотрудник Юридического института</p><p>Пенза</p><p>Саранск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgy B. Romanovsky, Doctor of Law, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research; Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure; Chief Researcher of the Law Institute</p><p>Penza</p><p>Saransk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vlad1993gb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4563-1725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романовская</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanovskaya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга В. Романовская, доктор юридических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры государственно-правовых дисциплин</p><p> Саранск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Romanovskaya, Doctor of Law, Professor, Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines</p><p> Saransk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3040-083X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романовская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanovskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина А. Романовская, инженер-исследователь НИИ фундаментальных и прикладных исследований</p><p>Пенза</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Romanovskaya, Research Engineer of the Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research</p><p>Penza</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пензенский государственный университет; Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции (РПА Минюста России),  Средне-Волжский филиал;  Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет  им. Н.П. Огарева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University;  All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Middle Volga Branch;  N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции &#13;
(РПА Минюста России), Средне-Волжский филиал</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), &#13;
Middle Volga Branch</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пензенский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романовский Г.Б., Романовская О.В., Романовская Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романовский Г.Б., Романовская О.В., Романовская Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanovsky G.B., Romanovskaya O.V., Romanovskaya E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/87">https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/87</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются отдельные вопросы по тематике регулирования геномной медицины. Актуальность исследования обусловлена стремительным развитием геномных технологий, меняющих представление о биологической сущности человека. Наука впервые позволяет сформулировать прогноз о человеческом вмешательстве в биологическую сущность индивида на основе генетического редактирования. Разрабатываются также модели использования ДНК человека в технологических целях: в вычислительных машинах (что порождает новое направление – биокомпьютинг) и в виде накопителя памяти.</p><p>Цель исследования: выделить основные пробелы в регулировании геномных технологий; определить международно-правовые аспекты регламентации в рассматриваемой сфере; обозначить перспективы совершенствования российского законодательства.</p><p>Показано стремление государств к максимальному охвату населения возможностями генетического секвенирования. Это создает перспективы для развития персонализированной медицины, выстраивая прогноз состояния здоровья человека, формируя его траекторию здоровье-сбережения. Одновременно с этим связано и появление новых рисков: «генетизация» права и государства, уязвимость прав человека, использование медицинских данных для достижения социальных целей.</p><p>Международно-правовые акты в сфере геномной медицины были приняты в конце ХХ – начале ХХI в., когда человечество еще не располагало полными данными о геноме человека. Несмотря на обсуждение необходимости принятия универсальной конвенции в этой сфере, практические шаги к достижению результатов пока не были предприняты. Ни в международных, ни в национальных актах не раскрываются понятия ДНК и генома человека. Неопределенность в правовом регулировании – знаковая отличительная черта для геномных технологий.</p><p>Анализируются правовые пробелы, возникающие в силу использования генома человека в технологических целях. В качестве примера таких пробелов приведены проблемы биокомпьютинга и использования ДНК в качестве накопителя памяти. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors set out to examine challenges associated with defining conceptual frameworks for regulating genomic medicine. The relevance of the study stems from the rapid development of genomic technologies, which alter the existing understanding of human biology. For the first time in human history, science enables forecasting the results of human intervention in human biology through genetic editing. In addition, there appear models for the use of human DNA for technological purposes, e.g., in computers (thus giving rise to a new field of biocomputing) and as memory storage.</p><p>Our aim is to identify key gaps in the regulation of genomic technologies; examine the impact of innovations in this area on conventional legal institutions; and outline prospects for improving Russian legislation in this sphere.</p><p>The inclination of states to maximize the possibility of genetic sequencing among their populations is shown. This creates opportunities for the development of personalized medicine, enabling the prognosis of human health and the shaping of their health-preserving trajectory. At the same time, previously unexpected risks are emerging, such as the “geneticization” of the law and the state, the vulnerability of human rights, and the use of medical data for achieving social goals. International legal instruments in the field of genomic medicine were adopted in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, when humanity did not yet have complete data on the human genome. Despite discussions regarding the need to adopt a universal convention in this area, practical steps toward achieving this goal have not yet been taken. It is noted that neither international nor national instruments define the concepts of DNA and the human genome. It is emphasized that uncertainty in legal regulation is a significant feature of genomic technologies. We also analyze the legal gaps arising from the use of the human genome for technological purposes. Biocomputing and the use of DNA as a memory storage device are cited to illustrate these issues.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ДНК</kwd><kwd>геном</kwd><kwd>генетическая информация</kwd><kwd>правовой режим</kwd><kwd>глобальное биомедицинское право</kwd><kwd>генетическое редактирование</kwd><kwd>государственное регулирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>DNA</kwd><kwd>genome</kwd><kwd>gene</kwd><kwd>genetic information</kwd><kwd>legal regime</kwd><kwd>global biomedical law</kwd><kwd>government  regulation</kwd><kwd>genetic editing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного  фонда, проект № 24-28-00365 «Правовые основы умного регулирования в области современной  биомедицины», https://rscf.ru/project/24-28-00365/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation,  scientific project No. 24-28-00365 “Legal framework for smart regulation in modern biomedicine”,  https://rscf.ru/project/24-28-00365/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заремба, А.Г., Рычихина, Е.М. 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