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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex Genetica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Genetica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-1639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-1647</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГЮА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/lexgen-2025-4-3-31-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexgen-79</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Lex Genetica: публично-правовое измерение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Lex Genetica: Public -Law Dimension</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Публично-правовое регулирование персонализированной иммунопрофилактики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public law Regulation of Personalized Immunoprophylaxis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9586-3463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана В. Воронкова, кандидат юридических наук, магистр общественного здравоохранения, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Мытищи</p><p>г. Москва</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Voronkova, Candidate of Science (Law), Master of Public Health, Senior Researcher</p><p>Mytishchi</p><p>Moscow</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sv3341015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество гигиенистов, токсикологов и санитарных врачей;&#13;
Ассоциация врачей и специалистов медицины труда;&#13;
Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие «Научно-исследовательский институт промышленной и морской медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства» (ФГУП НИИ ПММ ФМБА России)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Society of Hygienists, Toxicologists and Sanitary Doctors;&#13;
Association of Doctors and Specialists in Occupational Medicine;&#13;
Research Institute of Industrial and Maritime Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воронкова С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воронкова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voronkova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/79">https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/79</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются правовые, медицинские и социально-экономические аспекты учета иммунного статуса при вакцинации работников как ключевого элемента персонализированной медицины в публичном здравоохранении. Развитие современной персонализированной медицины, основанной на достижениях иммунологии и генетики, открывает новые возможности для оптимизации вакцинопрофилактики. Анализ зарубежной и отечественной научной литературы показал, что генетические факторы существенно влияют на эффективность вакцин и развитие поствакцинальных осложнений, однако действующее российское законодательство в области обязательной вакцинации трудоспособного населения не учитывает индивидуальные особенности состояния иммунной системы, создавая правовые коллизии и потенциальные риски для здоровья. Целью настоящего исследования являлось выявление пробелов нормативной базы, возникающих при интеграции оценки иммунного статуса в систему публично-правового регулирования вакцинопрофилактики в Российской Федерации, разработка научно обоснованных предложений по реформированию законодательства. В результате исследования выявлены значительные пробелы правового регулирования персонализированной вакцинации. Во-первых, действующие правовые акты не содержат понятия «иммунный статус», а также механизмов его использования для определения необходимости, безопасности и схем иммунизации. Во-вторых, для защиты трудовых прав работников от необоснованного отстранения от работы в целях обеспечения эпидемиологического благополучия востребовано внедрение профилактического (скринингового) серологического обследования как юридически значимого доказательства достаточного уровня антител. В-третьих, отсутствует надежная защита данных об иммунном и генетическом статусе гражданина как специальной категории персональных данных. Особое внимание уделено рискам поствакцинальных осложнений и необходимости сбалансированного подхода к индивидуальному и коллективному здоровью. Рассматриваются экономические преимущества персонализированного подхода, включая оптимизацию расходов на вакцинацию и минимизацию побочных эффектов. Анализ международных и отечественных источников выявил дисбаланс публичных и частных интересов в обеспечении эпидемиологического благополучия населения и прав работников. Делается вывод о необходимости совершенствования российского законодательства с целью внедрения научно обоснованного механизма персонализации вакцинации, что позволит повысить безопасность и доверие к программам иммунизации, улучшить эпидемиологический контроль и эффективность использования ресурсов здравоохранения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The author discusses the legal, medical, and socioeconomic aspects of considering the immune status of employees in vaccination programs as a key element of personalized medicine in public healthcare systems. The development of modern personalized medicine, based on advances in immunology and genetics, opens up new opportunities for optimizing vaccine prophylaxis. The conducted review of foreign and domestic academic literature established the significant influence of genetic factors on both the effectiveness of vaccines and the development of post-vaccination complications. However, the current Russian legislation on mandatory vaccination of employees ignores the individual characteristics of the immune system, thereby raising legal controversies and potential health risks. In this research, the author aims to identify gaps in the regulatory framework arising from the integration of immune status assessment into the system of public law regulation of vaccine prevention in the Russian Federation and to propose on its basis solutions for updating the legislation. As a result, significant gaps in the legal regulation of personalized vaccination were identified. First, the current legislation is lacking the concept of “immune status” or mechanisms for its use, which is important for determining the necessity, safety, and schedules of immunization. Second, it is necessary to introduce preventive serological testing (screening) as legally significant evidence of a sufficient level of antibodies in order to protect the labor rights of employees from unjustified dismissal for the purpose of ensuring epidemiological welfare. Third, there is the absence of reliable protection of data on the immune and genetic status of employees as a special category of personal data. Particular attention is paid to the risks of post-vaccination complications and the need for a balanced approach to individual and public health. The economic benefits of a personalized approach are considered, including the optimization of vaccination costs and the minimization of side effects. The review of international and domestic publications revealed the need to balance public and private interests in ensuring the epidemiological welfare of the population and the rights of employees. It is concluded that the Russian legislation in this field should be improved in order to introduce a scientifically substantiated mechanism for personalizing vaccination, which will increase the safety of immunization programs, develop public trust, improve the level of epidemiological control, and enhance the efficient use of healthcare resources.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трудоспособное население</kwd><kwd>иммунный статус</kwd><kwd>иммунопрофилактика</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd><kwd>публично-правовое регулирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>working-age population</kwd><kwd>immune status</kwd><kwd>immunoprophylaxis</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd><kwd>public law regulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Берг, Л.Н. (2023). 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