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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex Genetica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Genetica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-1639</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-1647</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГЮА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/lexgen-2025-4-2-94-106</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexgen-73</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Lex Genetica: экспертный комментарий</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Lex Genetica: Expert Commentary</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Этические и методологические принципы проведения генетических исследований с участием пациентов психиатрического профиля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ethical and Methodological Principles of Genetic Research Involving Psychiatric Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашуров</surname><given-names>З. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashurov</surname><given-names>Z. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарифджон Ш. Ашуров, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии; главный психиатр и нарколог Министерства здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан; директор; президент Ассоциации психиатров Узбекистана</p><p>Ташкент </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zarifjon Sh. Ashurov, Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Psychiatry and Narcology; Chief Psychiatrist and Narcologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan; Head; President of the Association of Psychiatrists of Uzbekistan</p><p>Tashkent </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zardil78@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайрединова</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khayredinova</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инара И. Хайрединова, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, руководитель отдела инновационных технологий</p><p>Ташкент </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inara I. Khayredinova, Candidate of Science (Medicine), Head of Innovation Technologies Department</p><p>Tashkent </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хегай</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khegay</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любовь Н. Хегай, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, руководитель отдела инновационных технологий</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov N. Khegay, Candidate of Science (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of Innovative Technologies Department</p><p>Tashkent </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентская медицинская академия ; Республиканский специализированный научно-практический медицинский центр психического здоровья</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tashkent Medical Academy ; Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Mental Health</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский специализированный научно-практический медицинский центр психического здоровья</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Mental Health</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ашуров З.Ш., Хайрединова И.И., Хегай Л.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ашуров З.Ш., Хайрединова И.И., Хегай Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ashurov Z.S., Khayredinova I.I., Khegay L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/73">https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/73</self-uri><abstract><p>На протяжении последних 30 лет было исследовано более 6000 генов на предмет связи с развитием заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Однако в связи с методологическими особенностями проведения исследований, неоднородными и значительно отличающимися по размеру выборками и большим вкладом генетических вариаций, опосредованных этническим разнообразием, результаты имели низкую воспроизводимость. Кроме того, для большинства психических расстройств характерно полигенное наследование, при этом вклад каждого конкретного гена в патогенез расстройства может быть очень мал, что делает наиболее вероятным появление ряда генов-кандидатов, потенциально вносящих вклад в развитие того или иного заболевания.Следовательно, несмотря на отсутствие чётко определённых генов, ответственных за развитие большинства психических расстройств, были выявлены гены-кандидаты, которые частично влияют на возникновение болезни. Данный экспертный комментарий включает основные этические и методологические принципы проведения генетических исследований и создания репозиториев биоматериала или биобанков с участием пациентов психиатрического профиля. Указанный контингент требует особого внимания и соблюдения осторожности по причинам уязвимости. Выводы данной работы могут стать основой для разработки методических рекомендаций и руководств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over the past 30 years, over 6,000 human genes have been investigated for their association with the development of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, such studies offer poor reproducibility due to methodological differences, heterogeneous and often small sample sizes, as well as the significant influence of genetic variation related to ethnic diversity. Psychiatric disorders may be characterized by their polygenic inheritance, i.e., involving multiple candidate genes. Thus, while the contribution of a specific gene to a particular psychiatric disorder’s pathogenesis is likely to be very small, candidate genes have been identified as partially influencing disease onset. The article sets out fundamental ethical and methodological principles for conducting genetic research and establishing biomaterial repositories – or biobanks. When involving psychiatric patients, such principles must take into account the inherent vulnerability of this group. The conclusions presented in this work may serve as a foundation for developing methodological recommendations and guidelines.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биобанкинг</kwd><kwd>генетика</kwd><kwd>психические расстройства</kwd><kwd>этические принципы</kwd><kwd>биорепозитории</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biobanking</kwd><kwd>genetics</kwd><kwd>mental disorders</kwd><kwd>ethical principles</kwd><kwd>biorepositories</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ABecker, K.F., Wipperfürth, J., Herpel, E. (2018). Preanalytics and biobanking: Influence of preanalytical factors on tissue sample quality. Der Pathologe, 39, 297–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-018-0437-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ABecker, K.F., Wipperfürth, J., Herpel, E. (2018). 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