lexgenLex GeneticaLex Genetica3034-16393034-1647МГЮА10.17803/lexgen-2025-4-2-76-93lexgen-72Research ArticleLex Genetica: вопросы этики и философииLex Genetica: Questions of Ethics and PhilosophyПереход к персонализированной психиатрии: зарубежный опыт психофармакогенетикиTowards Personalized Psychiatry: Foreign Experience in PsychopharmacogeneticsЗахароваН. В.ZakharovaN. V.

Наталья В. Захарова, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии; ведущий эксперт Научно-образовательного центра нейропсихиатрии

Санкт-Петербург; Самара 

Natalya V. Zakharova, Candidate of Science (Medicine), Leading Researcher at the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology; Leading Expert at the Scientific and Educational Center of Neuropsychiatry

Saint Petersburg; Samara 

nataliza80@bk.ruНасыроваР. Ф.NasyrovaR. F.

Регина Ф. Насырова, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель Института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии

Санкт-Петербург 

Regina F. Nasyrova, Doctor of Science (Medicine), Head of the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology

Saint Petersburg 

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.П. Бехтерева (НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Бехтерева) ; Самарский государственный медицинский университет (СамГМУ)РоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology ; Samara State Medical University (SamSMU)Russian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.П. Бехтерева (НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Бехтерева)РоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and NeurologyRussian Federation202503082025427693Copyright © Захарова Н.В., Насырова Р.Ф., 20252025Захарова Н.В., Насырова Р.Ф.Zakharova N.V., Nasyrova R.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/72

Статья посвящена изучению зарубежного опыта перехода к персонализированной психиатрии посредством психофармакогенетического подхода. Авторы рассматривают современные тенденции развития генетически ориентированного лечения психиатрических расстройств, акцентируя внимание на международных исследованиях последних десятилетий.Обзор существующих научных публикаций показывает возрастающий интерес к индивидуализированному назначению лекарственных препаратов, основанному на генетическом профиле пациента. Это направление призвано повысить эффективность терапии и снизить риск побочных эффектов.Цель исследования – оценить успешность внедрения психофармакогенетики в зарубежных странах. Для достижения поставленной цели проведен систематический обзор научной литературы, включая сбор данных о методиках диагностики, протоколах назначения лекарств и клинических исходах. Использованы статистические методы анализа больших объемов данных.Выявлено значительное повышение эффективности лечения ряда психиатрических заболеваний благодаря применению психофармакогенетических подходов. Получены убедительные доказательства преимуществ индивидуального подбора дозировок антидепрессантов и антипсихотиков.Психофармакогенетика представляет собой перспективное направление современной психиатрии, способствующее улучшению качества жизни пациентов. Необходимы дальнейшие клинические испытания и внедрение соответствующих технологий в практику здравоохранения.Ограничениями являются небольшие размеры исследуемых групп населения и недостаточная репрезентативность выборок, что требует осторожности при экстраполяции полученных выводов на широкие слои населения.

The work presents research into foreign experience of the shif t to personalized psychiatry when taking a psychopharmacogenetic approach. Contemporary trends in the development of genetically oriented treatment of psychiatric disorders are identified in recent international studies. A systematic review of the relevant literature reveals a growing interest in the individualized prescription of drugs based on a patient’s genetic profile as a means of increasing therapeutic ef fectiveness and reducing the risk of side ef fects. In order to evaluate the introduction of psychopharmacogenetics in foreign countries, the review includes data on diagnostic methods, drug prescription protocols, and clinical outcomes. The individual selection of dosages of antidepressants and antipsychotics is shown to have led to a significant increase in the ef fectiveness of treatments for a number of psychiatric diseases. Psychopharmacogenetics thus represents a promising area of modern psychiatry, having the potential to significantly improve the quality of life of patients. However, further clinical trials are needed before introducing appropriate technologies into healthcare practice. Limitations of the study include the small sizes of the study populations and the lack of representativeness of the samples. For this reason, caution should be taken when extrapolating the findings to the general population.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.