lexgenLex GeneticaLex Genetica3034-16393034-1647МГЮА10.17803/lexgen-2023-2-2-24-33lexgen-17Research ArticleLex Genetica и сельское хозяйство: лучшая мировая практикаLex Genetica and Agriculture: World's Best PracticeИсследование правового статуса и модели выбора географических обозначений для сельскохозяйственной продукции в КитаеThe Legal Status and Selection of a Model for Geographical Indications for Agricultural Products in China: a StudyЧонгФ.ChongF.

Фенг Чонг, доцент, юридический факультет 

Пекин 

Feng Chong, Assistant Professor of Law 

Beijing 

fengchong422@163.comКитайский сельскохозяйственный университетBeijing University of Agriculture202316022024222433Copyright © Чонг Ф., 20242024Чонг Ф.Chong F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://lexgen.msal.ru/jour/article/view/17

Как традиционная аграрная страна Китай имеет богатую и разнообразную сельскохозяйственную продукцию. Однако законодательство Китая о географических обозначениях (ГО) для сельскохозяйственной продукции является неполным и включает в себя три различных юридических документа. Хотя Китай, похоже, готов к принятию независимого закона о географических обозначениях, но он еще не вступил в силу, а его применение остается не ясным. Китай стоит перед выбором «сильной» или «слабой» защиты в своем законодательстве о географических обозначениях, что также напрямую связано с международными договорами о ГО и внутренним законодательством. Защита географических обозначений сельскохозяйственной продукции в Китае не имеет стратегического плана, основные законодательные и административные органы находятся в замешательстве, а конкретные правовые документы на национальном, провинциальном и муниципальном уровнях разрознены. В этой статье предлагается осуществить выбор в пользу «сильной» защиты ГО для первичной и переработанной сельскохозяйственной продукции, учитывая различные уровни ГО, и «слабую» защиту для других общих сельскохозяйственных продуктов.

As a traditional agricultural country, China produces a wide range of diverse agricultural products. However, China's legislation on geographical indications (GI) for agricultural products is incomplete, existing in three different legal documents. Although China appears to be ready for an independent GI law, it has not yet been enacted, and the method of its administration remains unclear. China is faced with the choice of whether to adopt ‘strong protection’ or ‘weak protection’ in its GI legislation. This question is also directly related to the relationship between international GI treaties and domestic legislation. The protection of geographical indications of agricultural products in China lacks strategic design. The main legislative and administrative bodies are confused, and the specific legal documents at the national, provincial and municipal levels are imbalanced. The recommendation of this article is that, China should choose ‘strong protection’ for primary agricultural products and processed agricultural products with key characteristics, and ‘weak protection’ for other general agricultural products.

географические обозначенияправовой статуссельскохозяйственная продукцияКитайgeographical indicationslegislative statusagricultural productChinaReferencesChen, D., Ma, Y. (2022). Effect of industrial structure on urban–rural income inequality in China. China Agricultural Economic Review, 14(3), 547–566. https://doi.org/10.1108/CAER-05-2021-0096Chen, D., Ma, Y. (2022). Effect of industrial structure on urban–rural income inequality in China. China Agricultural Economic Review, 14(3), 547–566. https://doi.org/10.1108/CAER-05-2021-0096Hu, W. (2018). Reciprocity and Mutual Benefits: EU-China cooperation on and protection of geographical indications. CEPS Research Reports No. 2018/04, June 2018. Available at: http://aei.pitt.edu/94154/1/RR2018_04_WHu_GIs.pdfHu, W. (2018). Reciprocity and Mutual Benefits: EU-China cooperation on and protection of geographical indications. CEPS Research Reports No. 2018/04, June 2018. Available at: http://aei.pitt.edu/94154/1/RR2018_04_WHu_GIs.pdfHuang, G. (2003). Reconciling conflicts between trademark and geographical indications: how to protect geographical indications in China. (Master thesis, University of Toronto). Canada. Available at: https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/120681/3/MQ84348_OCR.pdfHuang, G. (2003). Reconciling conflicts between trademark and geographical indications: how to protect geographical indications in China. (Master thesis, University of Toronto). Canada. Available at: https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/120681/3/MQ84348_OCR.pdfMuehlfeld, K., Wang, M. (2022). Intellectual Property Rights in China – A Literature Review on the Public's Perspective. Frontiers in Sociology, 7, 793165. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.793165Muehlfeld, K., Wang, M. (2022). Intellectual Property Rights in China – A Literature Review on the Public's Perspective. Frontiers in Sociology, 7, 793165. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.793165Qian, W., Dong, Y. (2023). Comparative study on the geographical indication protection between China and the European Union–From the perspective of the China-EU Geographical Indications Agreement. Agricultural Economics, 69(5), 185–201. https://doi.org/0.17221/98/2023-AGRICECONQian, W., Dong, Y. (2023). Comparative study on the geographical indication protection between China and the European Union–From the perspective of the China-EU Geographical Indications Agreement. Agricultural Economics, 69(5), 185–201. https://doi.org/0.17221/98/2023-AGRICECONVolpin, G. (2021). The Noodle Bowl Effect on the table of Geographical Indications–A case study on the GI-specific provisions of the Sino-EU and Sino-US Agreements. (Master thesis, Ca' Foscari University of Venice). Available at:http://dspace.unive.it/bitstream/handle/10579/20007/863619-1266410.pdf?sequence=2Volpin, G. (2021). The Noodle Bowl Effect on the table of Geographical Indications–A case study on the GI-specific provisions of the Sino-EU and Sino-US Agreements. (Master thesis, Ca' Foscari University of Venice). Available at:http://dspace.unive.it/bitstream/handle/10579/20007/863619-1266410.pdf?sequence=2Wang, X. (2018). Absolute protection for geographical indications: protectionism or justified rights?. Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property, 8(2), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2018.02.01Wang, X. (2018). Absolute protection for geographical indications: protectionism or justified rights?. Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property, 8(2), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2018.02.01Wang, Z., Guo, J. (2020). Research on Legal Protection of Geographical Indications. Learning and Education, 9(3), 40–43. https://doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v9i3.1569Wang, Z., Guo, J. (2020). Research on Legal Protection of Geographical Indications. Learning and Education, 9(3), 40–43. https://doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v9i3.1569Xiaobing, W., Kireeva, I. (2007). Protection of geographical indications in China: conflicts, causes and solutions. The Journal of World Intellectual Property, 10(2), 79–96.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2007.00315.xXiaobing, W., Kireeva, I. (2007). Protection of geographical indications in China: conflicts, causes and solutions. The Journal of World Intellectual Property, 10(2), 79–96.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2007.00315.xXu, Z., Feng, Y., Wei, H. (2022). Does geographical indication certification increase the technical complexity of export agricultural products?. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 892632. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.892632Xu, Z., Feng, Y., Wei, H. (2022). Does geographical indication certification increase the technical complexity of export agricultural products?. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 892632. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.892632Yu, J., Wu, J. (2018). The sustainability of agricultural development in China: The agriculture–environment nexus. Sustainability, 10(6), 1776. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061776Yu, J., Wu, J. (2018). The sustainability of agricultural development in China: The agriculture–environment nexus. Sustainability, 10(6), 1776. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061776Zhang, H., Hu, D., Li, Y. (2016). Protection of geographical indications under China's intellectual property legal framework. Australian Journal of Asian Law, 17(2), 391–415. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2938181Zhang, H., Hu, D., Li, Y. (2016). Protection of geographical indications under China's intellectual property legal framework. Australian Journal of Asian Law, 17(2), 391–415. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2938181Zhao, J., Luo, Q., Deng, H., Yan, Y. (2008). Opportunities and challenges of sustainable agricultural development in China. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363(1492), 893–904. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2190Zhao, J., Luo, Q., Deng, H., Yan, Y. (2008). Opportunities and challenges of sustainable agricultural development in China. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363(1492), 893–904. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2190Zhu, Y. (2018). Solutions to Overseas Protection of China’s Geographical Indications. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 6(10), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2018.610012Zhu, Y. (2018). Solutions to Overseas Protection of China’s Geographical Indications. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 6(10), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2018.610012

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.